Digital Content

Consumers around the world are abandoning fixed linemarket as "any payment $10 or below, but we can
phones in droves and replacing them with mobilealso handle mid-sized payments from $10 to $25 and
phones. According to a study by research firm Mori,even larger payments up to hundreds of dollars." To
fixed-to-mobile substitution is occur¬ring acrosspur¬chase online content or services, BitPass
the four major markets surveyed - the United"Spenders" first purchase a virtual prepaid debit card
Kingdom, United States, Germany and South Korea -using traditional payment channels such as Visa,
with upwards of 45 million consumers estimated toMasterCard, Discover, American Express or PayPal.
now make all their voice calls from their mobile phoneThey can then use these credits with BitPass
in these markets alone. This new generation of"Earners" to anonymously and securely purchase
landline-less consumers has the potential to drivemusic, photos, games, articles and other items. Graves
m-commerce to new heights in the years ahead. Thisasserts that the company's "good funds" model
wireless explosion also has implications for mobilemeans that no merchant has ever been a victim of
merchants and their ability to process electronicfraud.
transactions virtually anywhere at any time.Similar to eBay, BitPass makes its money from the
One person who keeps the pulse of m-Commerceseller, not the buyer. The com¬pany normally
and mobile payments in partic¬ular is Simon Pugh,makes a 15 percent commission on items less than $5
president of the Mobile Payment Forum. The Mobileand pay Earners via automated clearing house (ACH)
Payment Forum describes itself as a global,or Pay Pal when their account accu¬mulates $20.
cross-industry alliance of leading organizations from the"We handle three critical items for our users:
wireless and financial industries dedicated to realizingauthentication, access control and payment
the full potential for mobile payments. Pugh explainsprocessing," says Graves. "Our goal is to help sellers
that "there are two broad categories: remoteof all sizes monetize digital content."
trans¬actions that are usuallyContent and service providers can enable their
micropayment-based and local transactions that useofferings in as little as 30 minutes by simply uploading a
RF (radio frequency) or NFC (near fieldsingle file to their site. Pixel]ump is one merchant that
communications), which can be used for any sizeuses BitPass to sell ringtones, games and graphics, and
transaction but are currently associated withdelivers them via short message service (SMS).
quick-service retail."Meanwhile Peppercoin recently announced its
Let It RingPeppercoin 3.0 Small Transaction Suite, which adds
In terms of remote transactions, Pugh sees ringtones,subscription and prepaid payment capability to the
MP3 files, movie theater tickets and other time-drivencompany's pay-as-you-go and post-paid processing
event ticketing as today's big movers. "It is a muchservice. Peppercoin is partnering with Sun Trust
better shopping experience to buy larger items overMerchant Services to deliver the small payment
the Internet from your home or office PC," he says.processing system to merchants. "Peppercoin's
As phones and personal digital assistants (PDA) sportsolution is the only one that supports our merchants'
larger screens, more memory, keypads, Internetneeds for digital, mobile and physical point-of-sale
protocol (IP) connectivity and faster download(POS) transactions," says Barbara Roeber, Sun Trust's
capabilities, it will make it easier to transact remotely.general manager and senior vice president.
Yet Pugh concedes that it will take quite awhile forMark Friedman, president of Peppercoin, is also excited
transactions to migrate from the micro level (under $5)about the possibilities: "Each year, more than 354 billion
to the macro level.cash transactions occur in the U.S. for less than $5 at
Bellevue, WA-based Infospace is a leading producerthe physical point of sale, representing $1.32 trillion in
and publisher of personalized media, games andaggregate rev¬enue. We hope to tap into this
directory services for the mobile market. It offers themarket and move these consumers away from cash
largest licensed catalog of monophonic (single tone)payments."
and polyphonic (16 to 24 notes using the Musical'Small' Markets
Instruments Digital Interface [MIDI] format) ringtones inLeading markets include vending ($18 billion), parking
North America. According to Consect, a consulting firm($10 billion), coin-op ($6 billion) and quick service
headquartered in New York, ringtones generatedrestaurants ($110 billion). Peppercoin already has a
about $4 bil¬lion in sales around the world in 2004.foothold in the parking meter market with its signing of
America accounted for only $300 mil¬lion of that,Reino Parking Systems, a global leader in on-street
although Consect predicts the figure will double thisparking solutions. The new high-tech meters are
year. Shane Dewing, vice president at Infospace, saysequipped with card swipes, but users with cards on file
"ringtones are all about personal¬ization. Rightalso can pay by dialing a toll-free number and entering
now most are simple polyphonic snippets, but we seea meter number and payment amount. Additionally,
the future as entire MP3 song downloads and evenusers will receive SMS text messages when their
video ringtones."parking time is close to expiring so that they can
Infospace handles the complicated and onerous taskcon¬veniently and remotely add more time to the
of licensing music from record companies, publishersmeter. Users of the system can also purchase virtual
and artists, as well as formatting the ring¬tonesparking passes with their debit or credit cards, thereby
for the myriad of handsets that are out on the market.trans¬forming these cards into virtual pre-paid
According to Dewing, "40 percent to 50 percent of ourcards-the next time they swipe the same debit or
music sales are from independent labels, so it is muchcredit card, it will deduct the charge from their balance
easier for us to han¬dle these thousands ofthat is stored on the gateway.
licensing agree¬ments than it is for our clients."Not wanting to be left out of the small payments
Most of the major telecom players handle theirmarket, Star Networks is reducing its fees for a wide
downloads on a "post paid" basis through their monthlyrange of merchants where low-ticket cash
billing statement, often relying on third parties such astransac¬tions predominate: commuter-transit
Qpass and Qualcomm to provide the technologyagencies, parking lots, news dealers,
needed to handle authentication and entitlement. Sprintlaun¬dromats, car washes and cinemas. The
is the exception in that they have developed their billingnation's largest electronic funds transfer network has
and delivery system in-house and have successfullyeven gone so far as to create a new merchant
offered a sub¬scription-based service, ascategory, called small ticket, with fee pricing intended to
opposed to the other carriers who have focused onencourage installation of PIN pads and
single downloads. Consumers also can downloadcon¬version of typical cash payments to PIN
ringtones, wallpapers, screensavers, games anddebit.
quizzes from popular online sellers such as Zingy andWhile many merchants shun payment card
Jamster.transactions of $10 or less, small ticket sales increased
While the post-paid model is a stan¬dardnearly 50 percent from $23.7 billion between 2003 and
payment method right now, micropayment firms such2004, according to CardData Diamond. Fast food
as BitPass and Peppercoin are hoping theirsales with average ticket sales running $11 per
solu¬tions can find traction in both thetransaction hit $22.5 billion in 2004, while credit/debit
m-commerce and e-commerce mar¬kets.card sales of transactions of $5 or less grew from
Matthew Graves, COO at BitPass, describes its target$10.8 billion to $13.5 billion last year.